The major difference between a new and old engine is the tolerance of inner engine parts.
Due to wear and tear, the internal engine parts tolerances have gone wider.
Thinner engine oil like 30 weight are good for newer engine with close tolerance parts...The oil travels faster and prevents burnout...Thicker oil is not preferred as there are possibility for the oil to be burned.
For older engines, thicker engine oil is preferred as the parts have been worn off. thicker oil buffers increased engine noise due to loose engine parts. The drawback is there are possibilities for the engine oil to be burned due to slower movement of oil versus high internal engine temperature.
Way forward would be to use thicker oil and change them earlier to prevent sludge build up.
Hope the above helps