Both, and it will be a factor of the 2 (increased weight and rolling resistance) that contributes to it, especially since no one seems able to increase rim diameter, yet keep tyres widths the same.
Let's not forget that rim/tyres/wheels are part of rotational and un-sprung mass, which according to whom you believe, can equal anything from 3 times to 7 times that of static mass.
If the overall diameter is great than stock, what you would get is speedo error- since speedos read your speed off your ABS sensors, which measure how many revolutions your wheels are doing. It's the same as you saying that for a given RPM, speeds will be faster, but the speedo will read a lower speed (due to less number of revolutions).