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Message: <blockquote data-quote="astroboy" data-source="post: 382225" data-attributes="member: 4527">BMW technology has more than 1 cooling system thermostat, dunno about other European marque but JDM definitely only has 1.The reason to have multiple thermostat is to allow water in the cooling system to be heated up a little to reduce thermal shock to the engine block when cold water suddenly pour into the super hot block which will cause abrupt shrinkage of the block and cause more wear and tear to the piston ring. So the thermostats operate at different timing.After the engine is heated up for about 10 min, the first thermostat will open allowing the water into the radiator to regulate its temperature before the 2nd thermostat open, allowing the now heated water from the radiator to flow into the hot engine. When the first thermostat open, water in both expansion tank and radiator will be heated up, and pressure increases while the second thermostat has yet to open. Thus the building pressure of the heated water will stress the expansion tank out and its design to break as collateral damage to protect the more expansive radiator when 2nd thermostat fail to open. During this time, its when Jarance notice the leak. 2nd thermostat either has shut or has yet to open.BMW engineers are determined to protect the engine, so extra works, hoses and parts are designed for the cooling system. All these are adding to the cost of building the car. The engineers who build the car and engine are like with budget in their least priority. So end up with 4 O2 sensors, 2 catalytic converters, 2 thermostats and perhaps few others "redundant" parts like the intake flap in the diesel engine that fail and drop inside the combustion chamber. The flaps can be deleted and car engine still runs fine.. :stupid:</blockquote>

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